DIABETES

Diabetes is a disease that occurs due to the increased level of sugar in the blood. Glucose is the main source of energy and comes from the food we eat.

The pancreatic gland in the body produces insulin which helps glucose to absorb into the cells. But sometimes due to the decreased production of insulin the glucose remains in the blood and does not reach to cells. It causes diabetes.

Role of glucose :

• Glucose comes from the 2 major sources like food and liver.
• Sugar is absorbed into the blood stream where it enters cells with the help of insulin.
• Liver stores and makes glucose when the glucose is low liver breaks down store glycogen into glucose to keep glucose level within the normal range.

Types of Diabetes :

Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in children and the body does not make insulin and the immune system attacks and destroy the cells.

Type 2 diabetes develops usually in an age in which there is a functioning abnormality in the pancreas. It is the most common type.

Type 3 develops in pregnancy and usually goes away after the baby is born at the same time there are more chances to get type 2 diabetes in the later life.

Early signs :

• Hunger and fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Frequent urination
• More thirsty
• Dry mouth and itchy skin

symptoms :

• Slow healing of sores and cuts
• Pain or numbness in the feet

Risk Factors :

Type 1

• Family history
• Environmental factors
• Presence oof damage
• Immune system

Type 2

• Weight gain
• Family history
• Age
• GDM
• PCOD
• High BP
• High cholesterol and triglycerides

GDM

• Age
• Family history or personal history
• Weight

Complications :

• heart disease
• Diabetic neuropathy
• Diabetic nephropathy
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Depression

Prevention :

• Eat healthy foods
• Get more physical activity
• Loss excess of weight
• Manage the stress

Sometimes due to the high blood sugar levels diabetic coma may also occur.